There are two search methods: keyword search and literal search.

1. The keyword search is a search of materials to find those containing the entered search value as a word (i.e., keyword).
   The literal search is a search of materials to find those containing the entered search value as a simple character string (i.e., literal).
   
   For the literal search, you can specify the following search methods.
   

   Search method	Description	Entry example	Example of hit
   Exact match	Retrieves the materials that have a complete match to the character string entered as a search condition.	end	end END End
   Prefix search	Retrieves the materials that have a character string matching the prefix entered as a search condition.	end*	ending
   Left/right truncation search	Retrieves the materials that have a character string matching the left/right truncation entered as a search condition.	*end*	weekends
   Suffix search	Retrieves the materials that have a character string matching the suffix entered as a search condition.	*end	weekend

   
   
   
2. Searches for the following search items are normal keyword searches. To perform a literal search with the following keyword search items, add "#" to the beginning of the search values.

   
   

   Keyword search item
   • Title
   • Author
   • Publisher
   • Subject
   • Keyword
   
   
   
3. Searches for the following search items are normal literal searches.
   
   Literal search item
   • Publication year
   • Classification
   • ISBN/ISSN
   • Country code
   • Language code
   • NCID
   • Registration No. (available only with prefix search)
   • Material ID (available only with prefix search)
   • Call No. (available only with prefix search)
   
   By using the literal search, you can set the following search conditions for the details.
   

   Search method	Entry example (Item: Search value)	Example of hit
   Searching for materials that have the keyword "Japan" in the title	Title: Japan	History of Japan Tales of Old Japan America and Japan
   Searching for materials whose title is "Japan"	Title: #Japan	Japan
   Searching for materials whose title ends with "Japan"	Title: #*Japan	America and Japan A Rebirth of Japan Japan
   Searching for materials published in the 1900s	Publication year: 19*	1945

You can perform searches with the following items on the advanced search screen.

• The △ symbol in the entry example represents one or more blank characters.
• [Local] means that the search item is enabled only for local searches. Values entered for NII searches are ignored.

By placing a "$" symbol in front of Roman characters used for search values, you can convert the Roman characters into Katakana characters to perform a search.

• Writing in the official Kana romanization system and the Hepburn system is supported.
• The Roman alphabet doesn't correspond to the long vowel character. For example, please enter "$kiwado" not "$kiwado" when you want to get the same result in the "キーワード."
• _ means a blank.

• Cross Search: CiNii Books, Google Books, and book collections of the National Diet Library and libraries outside Japan (WorldCat, British Library)
• University libraries: Neighborhood university libraries, etc.
• Public libraries: Book collections of neighborhood public libraries, etc.
• Bookstores: Book collections and bibliography data of Amazon, Junkudo Bookstore, and Books Kinokuniya
• Classic books: Classic books in university libraries and public libraries across Japan (comprehensive catalog of Japanese classic books)

• The search result list screen can display the search results of each specific search site or all sites.
• The first displayed search results belong to the search site where the search ended the earliest.
• If you want to find out the search results of another site, select it from the left menu.
• You can display a list of search results of each specific search site by clicking "Show All Sites" at the top left of the screen or clicking the site link in the results for each site on the left side of the screen.

• The number of acquired results is limited (10 to 100) depending on the site. If you want to find out all the search results of a specific site, perform the search directly from that site.
• The results of searches with [Cross Search] may differ from the direct search results of a specific search site. Use [Cross Search] mainly as a guide to determining the good sites to search for the materials you are looking for.

By selecting "Various applications" displayed for the bibliography on the search result list screen, you can make an ILL copy request (getting a copy from another library) and an ILL borrowing request (getting a book from another library).